J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol > Volume 5(2); 2001 > Article
J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2001;5(2): 156-163.
파주 지역 초등학교 2학년생에게 실시된 집단 뇨검사 분석
김성기, 김영균, 박용원, 이종국
1인제대학교 의과대학 서울백병원 소아과
2인제대학교 의과대학 서울백병원 소아과
3인제대학교 의과대학 서울백병원 소아과
4인제대학교 의과대학 일산백병원 소아과
Analysis of Urinary Mass Screening for Second Grade of Elemantary School Children in Paju City
Sung Kee Kim, Young Kyoun Kim, Yong Won Park, Chong Guk Lee
1Department of Pediatrics, Inje University, Seoul Paik Hospital
2Department of Pediatrics, Inje University, Seoul Paik Hospital
3Department of Pediatrics, Inje University, Seoul Paik Hospital
4Department of Pediatrics, Inje University, Ilsan Paik Hospital
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ABSTRACT
Purpose We performed urinary mass screening(UMS) program for 2,804 children of second grade elemantary school 8 years of age in Paju city with cooperation of Paju City Health Center to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria, and to estimate the risk of incipient renal diseases. Also we attempted to evaluate the significance of hematuria in UMS in addidtion to proteinuria.
Methods : 2,804 children of the 2nd grade of elementary school who lived in Paju city were included to our UMS program in 2000. They were constituted with 1,428 boys and 1,376 girls. The screening program was carried out in 3 steps The 1st screenig test was performed at schools and then students with abnormal results were examined repeatedly at Paju City Health Center and our hospital. Those students who showed proteinuria and/or hematuria in the 1st and 2nd test were referred to our hospital to undertake the 3rd close examination including physical examination, laboratory tests and radiologic tests.
Results : (I) The prevalence of urinary abnormality in the 1st screening test was $8.3%$(233 students), comprised of $5.9%$ of boys, $10.8%$ of girls. (2) Among 2,804 children tested in the first screening, prevalences of asymptomatic proteinuria and isolated hematuria were 64($2.3%$), 163($5.8%$) respectively, and the prevalence of proteinuria with hematuria was 6($0.2%$). (3) Among 233 students with urinary abnormalities at the 1st screening test, 102 students applied to the 2nd test. 32 children, about one third of them, were also found to have abnormal urinary findings ; isolated hematuria 30, proteinuria with hematuria 2. (4) Those findings of clinical evaluation for children with isolated hematuria at the hospital showed as follows: idiopathic isolated microscopic hematuria 21, normal 6, urinary tract infection 1, idiopathic hypercalciuria 1 and simple renal cyst 1. Those 2 students with proteinuria and hematuria seemed to have chronic glomerulonephritis.
Conclusion : (1) The clinical evaluation for children who showed positive results at the 1st screening test should be done judiciously. Because of high false positive rate, almost who showed positive results was normal, only a few of them had pathologic conditions. In this study, actual incidence of incipient renal diseases in children of 8 year old was calculated to be $0.4%$. (2) The definite conclusion whether a urinary mass screening test can alter the prognosis of incipient renal diseases could not be drawn with this study. Further study must be necessary (3) We could acknowledge the significance of hematuria in UMS, but it is necessary that one should be judicious in managing and follow-up those that show abnormal results. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2001;5 : 156-63)
Key words: Urinary mass screening | Proteinuria | Hematuria | Isolated microscopic hematuria
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